Which act prohibits wage discrimination by requiring equal pay for equal or substantially equal work?

The Equal Pay Act (EPA) is the legislation that specifically addresses wage discrimination by mandating that men and women receive equal pay for equal or substantially equal work performed in the same establishment. This law aims to eliminate the wage gap between genders by ensuring that employees who perform jobs that require the same skills, effort, and responsibilities are compensated equally, without regard to gender.

The EPA provides a framework for addressing wage discrepancies and allows for remedies if an employer is found in violation of its provisions. This includes the possibility of back pay, as well as punitive damages in some cases. The act is a vital component of the broader framework of employment laws aimed at promoting fairness and equality in the workplace.

Other options do not pertain to wage discrimination. The Equal Employment Opportunity Act focuses more broadly on preventing discrimination in the workplace. The Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act deals with credit reporting and identity theft issues, while the Family and Medical Leave Act provides employees with the right to take unpaid leave for specific family and medical reasons. Each of these laws addresses different aspects of employment but does not specifically target wage discrimination in the way the Equal Pay Act does.