What U.S. act established national policy for workplace safety and health?

The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) is the legislation that established national policy for workplace safety and health in the United States. Enacted in 1970, OSHA's primary purpose is to ensure safe and healthful working conditions by setting and enforcing standards and providing training, outreach, education, and assistance. The Act created the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, which is responsible for regulating workplace safety and health through inspections and compliance assistance.

This emphasis on the protection of employees from work-related injuries and illnesses reflects a national commitment to ensuring that every working individual has the right to a safe workplace. OSHA applies to most private sector employers and their employees, along with some public sector employees in states that have developed their own OSHA-approved safety and health plans.

The other options presented focus on different areas of employment law. The Fair Labor Standards Act deals with labor standards such as minimum wage and overtime pay. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act addresses employment discrimination against individuals aged 40 and older. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act primarily concerns health insurance coverage and does not pertain specifically to workplace safety and health. Each of these statutes plays a critical role in employment law but does not address the overarching issue of workplace safety in the manner that OSHA does.