What U.S. act amended Title VII and authorized the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to conduct its own litigation?

The Equal Employment Opportunity Act is the legislation that amended Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This act empowered the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to file its own lawsuits against employers accused of discrimination. This was a significant development, as it allowed the EEOC to take direct action to enforce federal anti-discrimination laws, rather than relying solely on individuals to file charges and pursue their own cases.

The other acts listed do not relate specifically to the amendment of Title VII or the authority granted to the EEOC. The Fair Labor Standards Act primarily regulates wage and hour issues, while the Equal Pay Act addresses pay discrimination based on sex, and the Family and Medical Leave Act provides rights related to family and medical leave, but none of these acts provide the EEOC with litigation authority over employment discrimination as explicitly as the Equal Employment Opportunity Act does. Hence, the correct identification of the Equal Employment Opportunity Act demonstrates an understanding of its role in strengthening anti-discrimination measures and empowering federal enforcement mechanisms.